The Harsh Reality Of Mice And Men By John Steinbeck

The Harsh Reality â€Å"Listen to me, you crazy bastard,† â€Å"Don t you even take a look at the bitch. In this quote, it shines light on how people treat each other during the book and how they act when they are near each other. Instead of saying nice words, they bring people down in Mice and Men. Individuals in the story use mean phrases and words to use against people that are not the same as them or that doesn’t look like them. Why does the author use derogatory terms in his book Mice and Men, what message was he trying to send to his readers? â€Å"In John Steinbeck s novel Of Mice and Men, the author illustrates that people discriminate against one another because they want to feel better about themselves and to gain self-pride. People discriminate because they are insecure about themselves. What this idea means is that people are not true to themselves, so they have to reform in bullying and discriminating each other. So when Candy or anybody on the farm tries to bully Lennie, it is because he not the same as a â€Å"normal† person in that society and that he is not the same as everybody else in the book. For example â€Å"Lennie lumbered to his feet and disappeared into the brush. Furthermore, proving my point, â€Å"George lay where he was and whistled softly to himself. There were sounds of splashing down the river in direction Lennie had taken. George stopped whistling and listened.† â€Å"Poor bastard,† he said softly, and then went onShow MoreRelatedOf Mice And Men And Othello Analysis1530 Words   |  7 PagesThe Impossibility of Ideals in Othello and Of Mice and Men It is a celebrated part of human nature to dream big. All too often, these idealistic dreams become too big, and as demonstrated in Othello by William Shakespeare and Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, the harsh reality will always catch up. Othello is the story of a successful venetian general who, despite being a moor, marries Desdemona, a beautiful woman whom he loves with all his heart. Through a jealous ploy by Iago, Othello beginsRead MoreWhat Is The Dream In The American Dream858 Words   |  4 PagesThe Dream in Of Mice and Men Of Mice and Men is a novel written by John Steinbeck. The book tells a story of how two opposite individuals, George and Lennie cope with their problems as they travel around California in search of ranch work. Throughout the story Steinbeck displays realism. This category of literature is where the author does not sugar coat life. Steinbeck does not â€Å"romanticize the natural world or human nature† (Curry). In doing so in this type of reality many people have a â€Å"dream†Read MoreWhat Is John Steinbecks Theme Of The American Dream831 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Steinbeck describes a world where the American Dream was a wonderful dream to live but very difficult to live because of the challenges. In the 1930s, the Great Depression was occurring and it was horrible. During this time it was very disturbing how many people were living because they could not afford anything. The American dream was honesty not very achievable during this time period. Many people John St einbeck reveals the reality of the 1930s in his novel. Steinbeck’s purpose in writingRead MoreOf Mice And Men By John Steinbeck Analysis1000 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Of Mice and Men† by John Steinbeck, portrayed the times of hardship and struggle in United States’ Great Depression. When two exorbitantly contrasting drifters, try to make enough money by working on ranches to achieve their variation of the American Dream. Steinbeck effectively got readers attention through each dramatic page and ended the novella with a drastic turn of events that will leave the readers in awe. Although many book concerning the great depression may seem boring Steinbeck was successfulRead MoreThe Great Depressions Effect on American People Depicted in Steinbecks Of Mice and Men522 Words   |  3 Pages‘Of Mice and Men’ was written by John Steinbeck and published in 1937. The story is based on migrant workers in California during the time of the Great Depression. T he Great Depression was caused by the Wall Street Crash in America which effected many business and banks many of which became bankrupt. This resulted in mass unemployment, inflation and economic migration from the city to the countryside. Steinbeck wrote this novel to show what life was like for low-paid, poor workers and to show howRead MoreThe American Dream767 Words   |  4 Pagesthat every American should have an equal opportunity to achieve their goal in life through hard work, determination, and initiative. The novel â€Å"Of Mice and Men† by John Steinbeck explores this idea throughout his story. Through the characters in the story, it shows the many different hardships of each character trying to pursue their dream. John Steinbeck believes that the American Dream is a goal that every American has in life, but it is impossible to achieve. The novel displays several aspects ofRead MoreEssay on The American Dream According to John Steinbeck968 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Dream John Steinbeck, author of many classic American novels, greatly influenced modern American literature. Steinbeck often referred to the Salinas Valley of California in his writing. He often referred to the settlers and the adversities they had faced during the migration to the Salinas Valley area. With novels such as Of Mice And Men and The Grapes Of Wrath, Steinbeck explained the harsh reality of the severe hardships the settlers faced to accomplish the American Dream. TheseRead MoreOf Mice and Men961 Words   |  4 PagesDreams vs. Reality The world is a deadly, unforgiving and often ironic place where people become all consumed by their surroundings. There are many occasions around the world in which people only care about themselves; for example on Black Friday people get pushed, hurt or even trampled because someone is trying to get the best deals before they are all gone. People have a tendency to lose sight of their goals and dreams. Mentally, people struggle to maintain their sanity in this game of lifeRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Man 1746 Words   |  7 Pages20262099 06/04/2016 Good and bad in the novella â€Å"Of Mice and man† John Steinbeck present the ideas about good and bad in people through the mannerisms and personality of each character. From the description of the characters, the quotes and dialogue used throughout the novella, we are able to understand the complexity of human nature, how our moral and values are shaped by our environment, social status and intellectual ability. The novella was written in 1937, the title of the book comes from aRead MoreOf Mice and Men1242 Words   |  5 PagesOf Mice and Men Thomas Hobbes in his Leviathan states that, in the state of nature mans life is nasty, brutish and short. In depression era America, no greater truth could be said. There were millions unemployed, largely unskilled and living on the margins of society. The lowest of the low were the migrant labourers travelling from place to place trying to scratch a living. They often had to travel illegally by freight car with all its consequent dangers. Their life expectancy was low, crime

The Importance Of The Philosophy Of Science - 865 Words

focus on knowledge necessary to continue learning. Productive citizens possess an understanding of moral standards, communicate clearly, and use information effectively to solve problems and become leaders in their communities. â€Å"Political efficacy is not necessarily a matter per se of what to think; it is more fundamentally about how to think† (Snauwaert, Importance of the Philosophy of Science, 2012). A pedagogical view allows the students to reflect upon their activities to solve a scientific puzzle which can stimulate the learning process for future endeavors. Students cant just learn science content and engage in lab experiments; they need frameworks that allow them to pull these activities together in a meaningful way†¦show more content†¦The students had to rely on the facts presented to create and prove or disprove the flight distance of their hypothesis. The students had basic knowledge of physics and air flight and had to justify their experimentation. Understanding the claim that the future will resemble the past because of how the students are taught and that the process of induction is a circular form of reasoning. Science has to offer excitement towards learning, teaching how to communicate the language in the form a student understands is the key. By our very nature, learning involves teachers that collaborate with their students will provide a place of comfort and learning for all. The teacher needs to learn how to improve instruction and support students in the classroom with communication and collaboration. If communication doesn’t exist, then the students will fall behind and cause issues in the classroom. Finding the strengths and weakness out together will have a strong learning impact in the teacher-student relationship. In the end, learning progression might not be nice and linear (Shavelson, 2009). The progressio n might be a tangled web of ideas waiting to be detangled by the teacher and student learner. Progression of knowledge with classroom relationships will lead to academic success. Relationships with collaboration will provide feedback to theShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Religion for Two Paradigms: Science and Natural Philosophy700 Words   |  3 Pages Importance of Religion for Two Paradigms: Science and Natural Philosophy Since the beginning of the intellectual development of mankind, the question of whether there is god or not has been a question that still remains. However, its effects on our way of thinking has been shaped by a number of people, thinkers, priests, scientists so on and so forth. If we were to divide that continuum into two parts, they would be before the enlightenment and after the enlightenment. Namely the times of naturalRead MorePlato and Platipus1186 Words   |  5 Pagesunderestimate the power of philosophy. It is a social science that has lost influence in the 21st Century because many do not understand how this science can help humans achieve true happiness. Though philosophy is a heavy subject, it is the science with the most results regarding human nature and knowledge. Philosophy offers guidance to understand human behavior as well as to question our presence and our real role in society. It is one of the leading social sciences because many world leaders haveRead MoreGad amer’s On the Natural Inclination of Human Beings Toward Philosophy follows an idea that a1100 Words   |  5 PagesGadamer’s On the Natural Inclination of Human Beings Toward Philosophy follows an idea that a desire for knowledge, in researching philosophy and sciences, can be related to Platos thaumazein, the idea of wonder. The specifically human function of thinking starts, not routinely or in merriment, but at †¦a point where something strikes us as alien because it runs counter to habitual expectation. (Gadamer 143) The fascination and wonderment towards ideas Gadamer claims, †¦comes to me above all inRead MoreRelationship Between Science And Religion1159 Words   |  5 Pagesrelationship between the philosophies of science and religion has long been a contentious topic in both popular and scholastic discourse. While some individuals engaging in this debate suggest that the relationship between the two disciplines is one of direct opposition, others p ropose that the two disciplines are in fact compatible or too dissimilar to be in conflict. While this debate raged, certain academics attempted to find a way to solve the apparent conflict between science and religion. PhilosopherRead MoreWhy Philosophy Is Still Necessary986 Words   |  4 Pagesthe prompt itself had the answer that I was looking for. My answer was sitting there waiting for me in the last sentence of the prompt, â€Å"The question whether Philosophy is still necessary or not remains an intriguing question, triggering different position.† Philosophy is still necessary in our modern and scientific world today because Philosophy is the intriguing question that is triggered by several events in different positions in our daily lives. In our fast paced world today, people sometimes tendRead MoreAncient Greece And Modern Medieval Europe1686 Words   |  7 PagesMany historians and scientists regard Europe as completely devoid of interest in the history of scienc e. Contemptuously, medieval Europe is most often referred to as the â€Å"Dark Ages,† the epithet clearly illustrating the struggles of the time period and disdain for this part of history. The modern perception of medieval society is overwhelmingly dominated by a skewed interpretation of a barbaric, war-torn civilization barely surviving through suffrage of plague and poverty that stifled nearly everyRead MoreHumanism And Influence During The Renaissance1582 Words   |  7 Pages The Renaissance began in Italy during the 1300s in which a of rebirth of the arts, economy, science, and culture of Europe occurred. Before this time, during the Middle Ages, war and disease precluded advances in art and literature and the powerful influence of the Catholic church limited significant advances in science and philosophy. The Renaissance took influence from classical Greek and Rome and expressed and expanded upon many of the ideas of that time. Art became more realistic and focusedRea d MoreMy Personal Classroom Management Philosophy1278 Words   |  6 Pages A classroom philosophy is fundamental for an effective educator, for not only does it set up one s classroom but it also sets up the type of teacher that one wants to be. A classroom philosophy dictates everything from discipline to the way one presents information. It is the driving force in a teacher’s classroom and is often times directly related as to why that teacher wants to teach. Due to its importance, it is critical to examine a multitude of different philosophies before crafting one’sRead MorePersonal Philosophy Of The Author1165 Words   |  5 Pages My Personal Philosophy Trisha DeSouza MDC-Benjamin Leon School of Nursing 23 June 2015 Abstract This purpose of this paper is to explore the personal philosophy of the author presented Trisha DeSouza. The author’s concept of pain is what led her to an exploration of a nursing career with compassion to care for those who are in trouble times. Through the use of the nursing metaparadigm of person, health, environment and nursing, she elaborates on their importance to her in relationRead MoreThe Impact of Scientific Revolution on Physics as an Independent Field of Study1214 Words   |  5 Pagesapproach to science . The word â€Å"revolution† connotes a period of turmoil and social upheaval where ideas about the world change severely and a completely new era of academic thought is ushered in. This term, therefore, describes quite accurately what took place in the scientific community following the sixteenth century. During the scientific revolution, medieval scientific philosophy was abandoned in favor of the new methods proposed by Bacon, Galileo, Descartes, and Newton; the importance of experimentation

The Balcony by Catfish and The Bottlemen free essay sample

The â€Å"catfish army† is coming. With the release of their debut album, â€Å"The Balcony,† Catfish and The Bottlemen look to become the next big addition to the indie genre. Judging the â€Å"book† by its â€Å"cover,† so-to-speak, the band seems typical. They apper to be just another underground indie band with a ridiculous name that only a few hundred people will ever hear. Just another circle of long-haired British boys who think they can conquer the world with their guitars. But one quick listen reveals that this band may be headed for bigger heights. In fact, the catfish army (a nickname that has been floating around in the band’s fanbase) may be destined to rise to the top of the genre. After awards from the BBC and NME magazine, as well as an appearance on â€Å"The David Letterman Show† in 2015, Catfish and The Bottlemen have quickly found their path to relevancy. We will write a custom essay sample on The Balcony by Catfish and The Bottlemen or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It should come as no surprise, considering their pop mainstream groove mixed with flavorful servings of guitar that satisfies the desires of today’s music industry. The Welsh band has the potential to make an impact similar to Kings of Leon and The Kooks, both of which they derive sounds from. Standout moments in â€Å"The Balcony† include the rowdy chorus of â€Å"Kathleen,† the blossoming pop rock fusion of â€Å"Cocoon† and â€Å"Business,† and the tranquil, Jake Bugg-influenced â€Å"Hourglass.† It’s difficult to spot a weak track in this album. Perhaps the band’s greatest asset is lead singer Van McCann. In typical indie fashion, he isn’t afraid to hold back his passion and makes sure to put in a good growl or two, but for the majority of the album he keeps his vocals pleasingly smooth and rich. â€Å"The Balcony† is a solid debut that, at times, features strokes of brilliance. With just a bit of hard work a nd innovation, this band may indeed be headed for the mainstream.

Like Used in Idioms and Expressions

'Like' Used in Idioms and Expressions The following English idioms and expressions use the word like. Each idiom or expression has a definition and two example sentences to help ​your  understanding of these common idiomatic expressions with like. Eat like a horse Definition: usually eat a lot of food Tom eats like a horse! Make sure to grill three hamburgers for him.He doesnt usually eat like a horse. Eat like a bird Definition: usually eat very little food She eats like a bird, so dont make too much for dinner.He weighs 250 pounds even though he eats like a bird. Feel like a million Definition: feel very good and happy Im feeling like a million today. I just got a new job!After his promotion, he felt like a million. Fit like a glove Definition: clothes or apparel that fit perfectly My new shoes fit like a glove.Her jeans fit like a glove after she went on a diet. Go like clockwork Definition: to happen very smoothly, without problems The presentation went like clockwork.Her plans went like clockwork and she was able to join the company. Know someone or something like the back of ones hand Definition: know in every detail, understand completely She knows me like the back of her hand.I know this project like the back of my hand. Like a bat out of hell Definition: very fast, quickly He left the room like a bat out of hell.They drove off like a bat out of hell. Like a bump on a log Definition: not moving Dont sit there like a bump on a log!She sits around all day like a bump on a log. Like a fish out of water Definition: completely out of place, not belonging at all He looks like a fish out of water on the football field.The boss felt like a fish out of water in San Francisco. Like a sitting duck Definition: be very exposed to something He felt like a sitting duck and moved to cover his position.Your investments have left you like a sitting duck in this market. Out like a light Definition: fall asleep quickly He went out like a light.I hit the pillow and was out like a light. Read someone like a book Definition: understand the other persons motivation for doing something She can read me like a book.I know you dont mean that. I can read you like a book. Sell like hotcakes Definition: sell very well, very quickly The book sold like hotcakes.The iPhone initially sold like hotcakes. Sleep like a log Definition: sleep very deeply I was tired and slept like a log.She went home and slept like a log. Spread like wildfire Definition: an idea that gets known very quickly His solution to the problem spread like wildfire.Her opinions spread like wildfire. Watch someone like a hawk Definition: keep a very close eye on someone, watch very carefully Dont make any mistakes because Im watching you like a hawk.She watches her son like a hawk whenever he goes outside to play.

Cultural and racial inequality in Health Care

Table of Contents Executive Summary Overview/Background Discussion Recommendations Conclusion Reference List Footnotes Executive Summary â€Å"Overwhelming facts reveals that racial and cultural minority groups are more likely to receive poorer quality health care than white Americans, even when factors such as insurance status are controlled† (American College of Physicians 2010).Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Cultural and racial inequality in Health Care specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As the cpuntry’s population continues to grow and diversify, the health care system will have to change and adjust to meet the needs of an increasingly multicultural patient base. The statistical and anecdotal facts of racial injustice in American healthcare are undeniable. Studies done since 2003 by ACP shows systemic in addition to clinical discrimination, health practitioners, legislators, and normal citizens can no longer ignore the fact that America focuses on the color of one’s skin and the national origin of one’s ancestors still largely determine the quality of health care a consumer receives (American College of Physicians 2008; Urban Institute (2005). America thought that the issue of racial injustice and inequity was long gone, but it is shocking that the vice still endures largely, not only in the common platforms, politics and socials, but in a more critical issue like health care. After controlling the differences among the races in socioeconomic status, health insurance, access to health care and geographic differences, the statistical facts still demonstrates that Blacks and Latinos still get lesser and substandard medical attention than their counterparts, the whites, irrespective of whether those services are for treatment of cardiovascular disease, chronic diseases, mental illness, child medical care or HIV/AIDS. Comparing these minority groupings ( African Americans, Native Americans, Asian Americans, and Latinos) with the white Americans, they are more vulnerable to chronic illnesses, higher mortality rates, and worst health effects (Bardach 2009). Among the disease-specific examples of racial and ethnic disparities in the U.S. is the cancer incidence rate among Blacks that is 10 percent more than among the white Americans (Barrett, Dyer and Westpheling 2008; Kettl 2007). Also, adult Blacks and Latinos are almost twice more than Whites prone to diabetic complications. Although African Americans, Latinos and Native Americans suffer and succumb to diabetes more often than then whites, research show the disease is not well handled among minorities.Advertising Looking for term paper on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Paradoxically, Black, Native and Hispanic Americans have more medical attention services than do whites for those undesirable medical attent ions, for instance amputations, and cesarean section among others. Although these are necessary attentions, they are considered undesirable because a patient would rather avoid them if at all they had an option, for instance many patients would prefer to keep a leg if it could be made healthy, rather than going for an amputation. Undisputedly, ignoring these injustices would take the efforts of social scientists, researchers, health care providers, legislators, environmentalists, clergy, and patients among others to adequately attend to the matter (Lurie and Dubowitz 2007; Schlotthauer et al. 2008; Zuckerman et al. 2008). Although the issue is multi-sided, this paper looks at the policy solutions available. Overview/Background Lexically, health inequalities refer to the gap in the quality and accessibility of medical attention among racial, ethnic, socio-economic groupings. Almost as long as there have been hospitals in America, there have been racial disparities in the health care system. The first hospital founded in the U.S. was the Pennsylvania General Hospital, established in Philadelphia in 1751 from private funds, donated for the care of the less-fortunate and the mentally unstable. In the beginning of its operations, records from Pennsylvania General did not show that any patients other than whites were admitted for care. The institution was, in fact called the â€Å"First Anglo Hospital†[1] in the U.S. nevertheless, historical records reveals that the institution eventually began to admit non-Caucasian patients. Beginning in 1825 and 1829 respectively, Pennsylvania General began to record the â€Å"color† and â€Å"national origin† of admitted patients, confirming that the hospital at some point began offering services to both Black and white patients (Baker et al. 1996). In fact, before end of slavery in America, the judicial record reveals that African-Americans got a significant healthcare whenever need be; their health influen ced their monetary value as property of slave-owners. After the Civil War, giving access to African Americans took on a different dimension.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Cultural and racial inequality in Health Care specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Waves of Blacks migrating from the south began to mount pressure on health care amenities to serve Black and white patients the same. During the Reconstruction, racial segregation, surfaced both within healthcare institution used by both the non-native American and white patients, professional, and physicians, and in the structure of the hospital industry itself. Martin Luther King, Jr. quotes that â€Å"Of all the forms of inequality, injustice in healthcare is the most shocking and inhumane† (as cited in ACP 2004). Ever since overt racial disparities has grown and still looms. Arguably, health disparity starts shortly after conception. One pointer of a child’s healthy birth, making other lifetime outcomes more probable to be successful, is whether mothers get early medical care at pregnancy. 25% of African-American women do not receive prenatal attention at the first trimester, while 11% of white women get none (American College of Physicians 2007; Bach et al. 2004; Dorn et al. 2008). For African-American women, 6% do not receive prenatal attention, but only 2% of white women, one third the number of 27 blacks, get no or too-late care. Considering infant mortality during the first year of life, there are 14 deaths for African-American and six for native Americans/1,000 live births. However, proper prenatal care likely could have prevented some of these deaths. Infant mortality and morbidity are enduring, thus the high rate of African-American infant mortality shows the probability of a similarly higher rate of black infants who survive with unhealthy conditions that make school and lifetime success more difficult. It is t hese disparities in pregnancy and childbirth, which are eventually reflected in racial inequality (Winkleby et al. 1992).Advertising Looking for term paper on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Discussion Inequality of access to health care in the adequacy of care different cultural and racial groups get can include: Difficulties with patient-practitioner communication. In delivering medical care, communication is essential so as to administer proper and effectual treatment and attention in disregard to racial group. As miscommunication could lead to inaccurate analysis, wrong medication, and failure to get a follow-up attention. As Flores (2007) describes, â€Å"Cross-cultural differences in information-seeking patterns, communication styles, perceptions of health risk, and ideas about prevention of disease [have] an impact on health.† In the US language barrier is even worse, especially among the non-natives groups. Statistically, â€Å"less than half of non-English speakers who say they need an interpreter during health care visits report having one. In addition, communication barriers crop up from the lack of cultural understanding on the part of white provide rs for their minority patients† (Halbert et al. 2006). Practitioner inequity. In some cases the medical care practitioners either unconsciously or consciously attends to some racial patients in a different way than other patients. Some studies show that racial minority patients are â€Å"less likely than whites to receive a kidney transplant once on dialysis. Critics argue that certain diseases cluster by ethnicity and that clinical decision making does not always reflect these differences† (Institute of Medicine 2004). Lack of preventive care. According to the 2009 National Healthcare Disparities Report, â€Å"uninsured Americans are less likely to receive preventive services in health care, for instance racial minorities are not regularly screened for colon cancer and the death rate for colon cancer has increased among African Americans and Hispanic people†[2]. â€Å"Many people of colored skin are facing poor health care than whites from the cradle to the gr ave, in terms of greater rates of infant mortality, chronic diseases and disability, and pre-mature death† (Peterson and Yancy 2009). These health disparities take a significant human toll, but in addition inflict a huge economic weight on America. A recent research conducted shows that the direct health costs, that is, related with health inequalities, extra costs of medical services incurred due to the greater burden of diseases suffered by the minority groups-was more than US$250B in the period between 2003 and 2006. Aggregating the indirect costs related with health inequalities, for instance foregone salaries and yield and foregone tax revenue, the total costs of health inequalities for the country was US$1.24B in the same duration (Kettl and Fesler, 2009). With the inception of Obama administration, things are looking bright. With the enactment of the Health Reform Law, this will see more than 32 million uninsured Americans, the majority being the minorities get insuranc e coverage. These laws will avert insurance companies from exploiting new enrollees and rejecting claims due to the earlier conditions and more medical care providers will get more incentives to work in â€Å"medically underserved communities, among other expected benefits. These legislations will improve the current state of health care for people of colour, who are disproportionately un- and under-insured and who face greater barriers than whites to receiving high-quality care, even when insured† (Herbert et al. 2008). A research commissioned by the Institute of Medicine (2002) estimated that: â€Å"over 886,000 deaths could have been prevented from 1991 to 2000 if African Americans had received the same care as whites. The main differences were due to lack of insurance, inadequate insurance, and poor service for the minority patients.† Recommendations Youdelman (2007) and Smedley (2008) argue that â€Å"The correlation between socioeconomic position and health, is a pervasive correlation, which is seen across periods of time, across places in the world, and across groups†¦ and it is almost invariably in the same direction,† as socioeconomic position increases, health improves. Youdelman opines that although there are various means to explain health inequalities (from a racial and ethnical dimension, socio-economics, and geography) socioeconomic inequalities should take center stage in the health policy talk, because application of some policy functions can worsen this issue. However, according to Schillinger et al. (2003) ‘race is not an issue’ when it comes to matters of health inequity. He notes that the income differences across racial groups, exposure to social and economic adversity over the time and subjection to prejudice and institutional bigotry can influence the health of the minorities in several ways. Schillinger et al. (2003) â€Å"underscores this by revealing that majority of the socio-economic group of black women have almost or even higher rates of infant mortality, low birth-weight, hypertension and obesity than the lowest socioeconomic group of white women.† Blendon et al. (2008) emphasize on the use of specific approaches to contain racial disparities and urges that the health policy should be redefined so as to take account other sectors of the community, which have health impacts. It is noticeable that the minority groups face distinctive and intricate challenges in modern policy environment, from crisis alertness and response to equal access to proper medical attention. Recognizing the situation, those representing these groups should join forces and put forward a strong voice in addressing these intricate (Williams and Jackson 2005). To reduce the health inequalities, more emphasis should be made on evidence-based techniques modeled to overcome the groups struggle against medical and public health research, together with: Result-orientation: research entrenched in a community background modeled to achieve substantial outcomes and attain the optimal performance. Community collaboration: partnering â€Å"with† the groups, instead of giving things â€Å"to† them; Ethnical tolerance: models custom-made for community demands and reaches; Notably, equity of access to quality health care cannot be guaranteed through uniformity in a multicultural community, but through cultural sensitivity in delivery of medical care is equally necessary in achieving this equality. In ascertaining cultural tolerance, we should find if the current delivery of health care is impartial, and if it is as it is, then know how to reverse the situation. A more practically approach in dealing with this is â€Å"ethnic match†[3] which seems to have a remarkable effect on the patients and providers in terms of access and utilization of health care services. In America, Barrett, Dyer and Westpheling (2008) observe that the more the minorities’ worker s working in a mental institution, the higher the utilization rate by the minorities. Moreover, many surveys have revealed that an â€Å"ethnic match† between patient and the practitioner normally increase utilization rate while reducing the dropout rate. However, in addressing such inequalities numerous viable options have been raised. These options range from simple and realistic to involving a whole change to the system. Blanton et al (2002) notes â€Å"improvements in quality of care can simply begin with multilingual information, link workers, appropriate diets to a multi-faith approach in hospital.† While on the other hand, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (2008) advocates for â€Å"anti-racism service delivery† which involves â€Å"ensuring that providers are reflective of ethno-racial communities and knowledgeable about issues of race, gender, power and privilege, that people of color are inv olved in planning, implementing and evaluating these services and that services are appropriate to the needs of communities of color†[4]. However, the provisions made on the health reform law do not assure an answer the health care inequalities issue, as going by studies having health insurance doesn’t assure access to quality medical services neither does it considerably better health services. Instead, it is notable that health disparities continue due to differences in the neighbourhoods of the minority and non-minority groups. Racial and cultural minority groups are more probable than white Americans to live in segregated, poverty-ridden populations, people who have ever since experienced lack of health care resources (Zuvekas and Taliaferro, 2003). Even worse, majority of these people stare at a host of health dangers, for instance a lot of environmental stressors, and an influx fast food outlets and liquor shops and have rather countable health-conscious investmen ts, for instance grocery outlets. One’s environment has a considerable effect on his/her general health status. 25% of preventable diseases globally are associated to poor environmental quality. Reschovsky and O’Malley (2008) recommend that â€Å"The government at all levels can improve health opportunities by stimulating public and private investment to help make all communities healthier. It can achieve this by providing incentives to improve neighbourhood food options, by aggressively addressing environmental degradation, and by de-concentrating poverty from inner-cities and rural areas through smart housing and transportation policy.† Many of these strategies are highly cost-effective; however addressing health inequities that are the outcome of environmental stressors can be a complex and challenging task. Moreover, policymakers should come up with a set of measures to track environmental stressors and how they impact on the health inequities of racial and cultural minority groups (Gaskin et al. (2007). According to the American College of Physicians, although America has made some tremendous advances towards achieving health care equality, a lot still needs to be done. â€Å"Closing the disparity gap is not only morally and professional imperative, it remains a glaring civil rights injustice that must be addressed,† the ACP (2010) says. Improved communication is one of the core issues in bridging the inequality gulf in a country where approximately a quarter of the inhabitants are not native English speakers. Also, given that by the year 2042, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, â€Å"half of America’s population will be people of colour, it is imperative that we be prepared to address the health needs of an increasingly diverse population†[5]. It is also recommended that all third†party payers, such as Medicare, pay for the services of interpreters, and â€Å"language services†. In addition, medica l professionals should be trained to have racial and ethnical tolerance so they appreciate the medical care practices and misunderstandings harboured by racial and ethnic minority groups (Hoffman and Tolbert 2006). â€Å"Organizations that set standards for medical education†, the ACP (2010) reports, â€Å"are becoming believers in this kind of training — an encouraging sign of progress. To create a more diverse physician workforce, we should strengthen the education of minority students, especially in math and science, at all levels to create a larger pool of qualified minority applicants for medical school.† Similarly, medical schools should enrol and retain more minority faculty. One nagging societal ills highlighted in the ACP report is the advertisement of tobacco and alcoholic products, and fast foods to minority groups. Conclusion Racial and cultural inequities in health care emerge from the interaction of many intricate factors, including past and curren t discrimination in health care, genetics, unequal educational opportunity, income and health care access disparities, cultural beliefs, and community systems. Bridging the disparity gulf is not easy, but it is a moral imperative that appropriate resources should be made to address these differences. Reference List ACP. (2004). Language Access in Health Care: Statement of Principles. ACP. Retrieved from http://www.acponline.org/advocacy/where_we_stand/access/language.pdf American College of Physicians. (2008). Achieving Affordable Health Insurance Coverage for all Within Seven Years: A Proposal from America’s Internists. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians. American College of Physicians. (2007). Achieving A High Performance Health Care System With Universal Access: What The USA Can Learn From Other Countries, 2007. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians. American College of Physicians. (2006). Language Services for Patients with Limited English Proficiency: Re sults of a National Survey of Internal Medicine Physicians. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians. American College of Physicians. (2010). Racial and ethnic disparities in health care, updated 2010. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians. Bach P et al. (2004). Primary Care Physicians Who Treat Blacks and Whites. NEJM, 351, 575-584. Baker, D. W. et al. (1996). Parker RM, Williams MV, Coates WC, Pitkin K. Use and effectiveness of interpreters in an emergency department. JAMA, 275, 783-788. Bardach, E. (2009). A Practical Guide to Policy Analysis: The Eightfold Path to More Effective Problem Solving, 3rd Edition. New York/London: Chatham House Publishers, Seven Bridges Press, LLC. Barrett, S., Dyer, C. and Westpheling, K. (2008). Language Access: Understanding the Barriers and Challenges in Primary Care Settings. Perspectives from the Field. McLain, VA: Association of Clinicians for the Underserved. Barret, S. R. et al. (2008). Health Literacy Practices in Primary Care Set tings: Examples from the Field. Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund. Barrett, S., Dyer, C. and Westpheling, K. (2008). Language Access: Understanding the Barriers and Challenges in Primary Care Settings. Perspectives from the Field. McLain, VA: Association of Clinicians for the Underserved. Betancourt, J. et al. (2005). Cultural Competency and Health Care Disparities: Key Perspectives and Trends. Health Affairs, 24, 499-505. Blanton, L. et al. (2002). Racial/Ethnic Differences in Cardiac Care: The Weight of the Evidence. New York: Kaiser Family Foundation and American College of Cardiology. Blendon, R. et al. (2008). Disparities in Physician Care: Experiences and Perceptions of a Multi-Ethic America. Health Affairs, 27, 507-517. Dorn, S. et al. (2008). Medicaid, SCHIP, and Economic Downturn: Policy Changes and Policy Responses. Kaiser Family Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.kff.org/medicaid/upload/7770.pdf Flores, G. (2007). Language Barriers to Health Care in the United Stat es. NEJM, 355, 229-231. Gaskin, D. et al. (2007). Examining Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Site of Usual Source of Care. Journal of the National Medical Association, 99, 22-30. Grumbach, K. and Mendoza, R. (2008). Disparities in human Resources: Addressing the Lack of Diversity in the Health Professions. Health Affairs, 27, 413-422. Halbert, C. H. et al. (2006). Racial Differences in Trust in Health Care Providers. Arch Inten Med, 166, 896-901. Herbert P. et al. (2008). When Does A Difference Become a Disparity? Conceptualizing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health. Health Affairs, 374-382. Hoffman, C. and Tolbert, J. (2006). Health savings Accounts and High Deductible Health Plans: Are They An Option for Low-Income Families? Kaiser Family Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.kff.org/uninsured/upload/7568.pdf Institute of Medicine. (2002). Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: National Academies Press. Institute of Medicine . (2004). Health Literacy: A Prescription to End Confusion. Washington: National Academies Press. James, C. et al. (2009). Putting Women’s Health Care Disparities on the Map: Examining Racial and Ethnic Disparities at the State Level. Kaiser Family Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.kff.org/minorityhealth/upload/7886.pdf Kaiser Family Foundation. (2006). Supplemental Coverage Among Medicare Beneficiaries, by Race/Ethnicity, 2006. Kaiser Family Foundation. Retrieved from http://facts.kff.org/chart.aspx?ch=519 Kettl, F. and Fesler, J. (2009). The Politics of the Administrative Process, 4th Edition. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. Kettl, D. F. (2007). System Under Stress: Homeland Security and American Politics, 2nd Edition. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. Lurie N. and Dubowitz T. (2007). Health Disparities and Access to Health. JAMA, 1118-1121. Peterson, E. and Yancy C. W. (2009). Eliminating Racial aand Ethnic Disparities in Cardiac Care. NEJM. 360, 1172. Reschovsky, J. and Oâ€⠄¢Malley, A. S. (2008). Do Primary Care Physicians Treating Minority Patients Report Problems Delivering High-Quality Care? Health Affairs, 27, w222-w231. Schillinger, D. et al. (2003). Closing the Loop: Physician Communication with diabetic Patients Who Have Low Health Literacy. Arch Int Med, 163, 83-90. Schlotthauer, Y. et al. (2008). Evaluating Interventions to Reduce Health Care Disparities: An RWJF Program. Health Affairs, 27, 568. Smedley, B. (2008). Moving Beyond Access: Achieving Equity in State Health Care Reform. Health Affairs, 27, 447-455. Williams, D. and Jackson, P. (2005). Social Sources of Racial Disparities in Health. Health Affairs, 24(2), 325-334. Winkleby, M. et al. (1992). Socioeconomic Status and Health: How education, Income, and Occupation Contribute to Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease. Am Journal Public Health, 82, 816. Urban Institute (2005). Going Without: America’s Uninsured Children. Washington: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Retrieved fro m http://www.rwjf.org/files/newsroom/ckfresearchreportfinal.pdf U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Health Literacy – Fact Sheet: The Basics. Retrieved from http://www.health.gov/communication/literacy/quickguide/factsbasic.htm#one U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2008). Health Literacy – Strategies: Improve the Usability of Health Information. Retrieved from http://www.health.gov/communication/literacy/quickguide/healthinfo.htm#three Youdelman, M. (2008). The Medical Tongue: U.S. Laws and Policies on Language Access. Health Affairs, 27, 424-433. Youdelman, M. (2007). Medicaid and SCHIP Reimbursement Models for Language Services. Washington DC: National Health Law Program. Zuckerman, P. et al. (2008). Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Treatment of Dementia Among Medicare Beneficiaries. Journal of Gerontology, 63B(5), S328–33. Zuvekas, S. H. and Taliaferro, G. S. (2003). Pathways to Access: Health Insurance, The Health Care Delivery System, And Racial/Ethnic Disparities, 1996-1999. Health Affairs, 22, 139-153. Footnotes More reading from Grumbach, K. and Mendoza, R. (2008) and American College of Physicians. (2006). As cited in U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (2007). See more discussion on â€Å"ethnic match† by Barret, S. R. et al. (2008). Health Literacy Practices in Primary Care Settings: Examples from the Field. Washington, DC: The Commonwealth Fund. Also cited by Kaiser Family Foundation (2006). Cited by James, C. et al. (2009). Putting Women’s Health Care Disparities on the Map: Examining Racial and Ethnic Disparities at the State Level. Kaiser Family Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.kff.org/minorityhealth/upload/7886.pdf This term paper on Cultural and racial inequality in Health Care was written and submitted by user Fletcher Lamb to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tener Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, Examples

Tener Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, Examples The Spanish verb tener, which means to have or to possess, is one of the most irregular verbs in the language. This article includes tener conjugations in the indicative mood (present, past, future and conditional), the subjunctive mood (present and past), the imperative mood, and other verb forms like the gerund and past participle. Note that the verb stem changes in some conjugations, and others have completely irregular forms. The only other verbs that follow the same conjugation pattern are verbs derived from tener such as detener, contener, abstener, obtener, sostener, and mantener. Using the Verb Tener The verb tener can be used in most contexts when you would say to have in English, with the meaning of to possess or to own. However, tener is also part of some useful expressions. For example, just like in English, tener que infinitive means to have to, the phrase tengo que trabajar means I have to work. Other important uses of the verb are tener hambre (to be hungry), tener sed (to be thirsty), tener frà ­o (to be cold), tener calor (to be hot), tener miedo (to be scared), and tener sueà ±o (to be sleepy). While in English we often use the adjectives hungry, sleepy, etc., in Spanish those states of being are expressed by the verb tener followed by the noun. For example, Bajà ³ la temperatura y ahora tengo mucho frà ­o (The temperature dropped and now I am very cold). Tener Present Indicative In the present indicative tense, the first person singular conjugation of the verb tener is irregular, and other conjugations are stem-changing. This means that the e in the stem of the verb changes to ie when it is in a stressed syllable. Yo tengo I have Yo tengo tres hermanas. Tà º tienes You have Tà º tienes el pelo negro. Usted/à ©l/ella tiene You/he/she has Ella tiene un dà ­a difà ­cil. Nosotros tenemos We have Nosotros tenemos frà ­o durante el invierno. Vosotros tenà ©is You have Vosotros tenà ©is que trabajar mucho. Ustedes/ellos/ellas tienen You/they have Ellos tienen un buen trabajo. Tener Preterite Indicative The preterite tense conjugations of tener are irregular. The stem changes to tuv-. Yo tuve I had Yo tuve tres hermanas. Tà º tuviste You had Tà º tuviste el pelo negro. Usted/à ©l/ella tuvo You/he/she had Ella tuvo un dà ­a difà ­cil. Nosotros tuvimos We had Nosotros tuvimos frà ­o durante el invierno. Vosotros tuvisteis You had Vosotros tuvisteis que trabajar mucho. Ustedes/ellos/ellas tuvieron You/they had Ellos tuvieron un buen trabajo. Tener Imperfect Indicative The imperfect tense conjugation of tener is regular. This tense can be translated as was having or used to have. Yo tenà ­a I used to have You tenà ­a tres hermanas. Tà º tenà ­as You used to have Tà º tenà ­as el pelo negro. Usted/à ©l/ella tenà ­a You/he/she used to have Ella tenà ­a un dà ­a difà ­cil. Nosotros tenà ­amos We used to have Nosotros tenà ­amos frà ­o durante el invierno. Vosotros tenà ­ais You used to have Vosotros tenà ­ais que trabajar mucho. Ustedes/ellos/ellas tenà ­an You/they used to have Ellos tenà ­an un buen trabajo. Tener Future Indicative The future tense of the verb tener is irregular. Start with the stem tendr- and add the future tense endings (à ©, s, , emos, à ©is, n). Yo tendrà © I will have Yo tendrà © tres hermanas. Tà º tendrs Youwill have Tà º tendrs el pelo negro. Usted/à ©l/ella tendr You/he/shewill have Ella tendr un dà ­a difà ­cil. Nosotros tendremos Wewill have Nosotros tendremos frà ­o durante el invierno. Vosotros tendrà ©is Youwill have Vosotros tendrà ©is que trabajar mucho. Ustedes/ellos/ellas tendrn You/theywill have Ellos tendrn un buen trabajo. Tener Periphrastic  Future Indicative   To conjugate the periphrastic future you need three components: the present indicative conjugation of the verb ir (to go), the preposition a, and the infinitive tener. Yo voy a tener I am going to have Yo voy a tener tres hermanas. Tà º vasa tener You aregoing to have Tà º vasa tener el pelo negro. Usted/à ©l/ella vaa tener You/he/she isgoing to have Ella vaa tener un dà ­a difà ­cil. Nosotros vamosa tener We aregoing to have Nosotros vamos a tener frà ­o durante el invierno. Vosotros vaisa tener You aregoing to have Vosotros vaisa tener que trabajar mucho. Ustedes/ellos/ellas vana tener You/they aregoing to have Ellos vana tener un buen trabajo. Tener Present Progressive/Gerund Form The gerund  or present participle for the verb tener is formed regularly, with the stem of the verb and the ending -iendo (for -er and -ir verbs). It can be used to form progressive tenses like the present progressive. Present Progressive ofTener est teniendo She is having Ella est teniendo un dà ­a difà ­cil. Tener Past Participle The past participle can be used to form perfect tenses, such as the present perfect. The present perfect is formed with the auxiliary verb haber and the past participle tenido. Present Perfect ofTener ha tenido She has had Ella ha tenido un dà ­a difà ­cil. Tener Conditional Indicative The conditional tense is usually translated to English as would verb. Just like in the future tense, the verb tener is irregular and uses the stem tendr-. Yo tendrà ­a I would have Yo tendrà ­a tres hermanas si pudiera escoger. Tà º tendrà ­as Youwould have Tà º tendrà ­as el pelo negro si no te lo tià ±eras. Usted/à ©l/ella tendrà ­a You/he/shewould have Ella tendrà ­a un dà ­a difà ­cil si no le ayudaras. Nosotros tendrà ­amos Wewould have Nosotros tendrà ­amos frà ­o durante el invierno, pero tenemos un buen abrigo. Vosotros tendrà ­ais Youwould have Vosotros tendrà ­ais que trabajar mucho si trabajarais en esa empresa. Ustedes/ellos/ellas tendrà ­an You/theywould have Ellos tendrà ­an un buen trabajo si fueran ms responsables. Tener Present Subjunctive The present subjunctive is formed with the present indicative conjugation. Since the yo conjugation for tener is irregular (tengo), then the present subjunctive conjugations are also irregular. Que yo tenga That I have Es una suerte que yo tenga tres hermanas. Que tà º tengas That you have A tu novio le gusta que tà º tengas el pelo negro. Que usted/à ©l/ella tenga That you/he/she have Su enemigo quiere que ella tenga un dà ­a difà ­cil. Que nosotros tengamos That we have Mam espera que nosotros no tengamos frà ­o durante el invierno. Que vosotros tengis That you have El jefe no quiere que vosotros tengis que trabajar mucho. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas tengan That you/they have La profesora quiere que ellos tengan un buen trabajo. Tener Imperfect Subjunctive There are two options for conjugating the imperfect subjunctive, both considered correct. Option 1 Que yo tuviera That I had Era una suerte que yo tuviera tres hermanas. Que tà º tuvieras That you had A tu novio le gustaba que tà º tuvieras el pelo negro. Que usted/à ©l/ella tuviera That you/he/she had Su enemigo querà ­a que ella tuviera un dà ­a difà ­cil. Que nosotros tuvià ©ramos That we had Mam esperaba que nosotros no tuvià ©ramos frà ­o durante el invierno. Que vosotros tuvierais That you had El jefe no querà ­a que vosotros tuvierais que trabajar mucho. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas tuvieran That you/they had La profesora querà ­a que ellos tuvieran un buen trabajo. Option 2 Que yo tuviese That I had Era una suerte que yo tuviese tres hermanas. Que tà º tuvieses That you had A tu novio le gustaba que tà º tuvieses el pelo negro. Que usted/à ©l/ella tuviese That you/he/she had Su enemigo querà ­a que ella tuviese un dà ­a difà ­cil. Que nosotros tuvià ©semos That we had Mam esperaba que nosotros no tuvià ©semos frà ­o durante el invierno. Que vosotros tuvieseis That you had El jefe no querà ­a que vosotros tuvieseis que trabajar mucho. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas tuviesen That you/they had La profesora querà ­a que ellos tuviesen un buen trabajo. Tener Imperative To give direct orders or commands you need the imperative mood. It is not too common to use commands with the verb tener, except to tell someone to have a good day, to be patient, to be careful, etc. Even more rare is to use these commands in the negative form. The examples in the tables below are different than the examples in the rest of the article in order to reflect more realistic uses of tener commands. Positive Commands Tà º ten Have!  ¡Ten paciencia! Usted tenga Have!  ¡Tenga un buen dà ­a! Nosotros tengamos Let's have!  ¡Tengamos cuidado en la carretera! Vosotros tened Have!  ¡Tened calma con el trabajo! Ustedes tengan Have!  ¡Tengan fe de que todo saldr bien! Negative Commands Tà º no tengas Don't have!  ¡No tengas paciencia! Usted no tenga Don't have!  ¡No tenga un buen dà ­a! Nosotros no tengamos Let's not have!  ¡No tengamos cuidado en la carretera! Vosotros no tengis Don't have!  ¡No tengis calma con el trabajo! Ustedes no tengan Don't have!  ¡No tengan fe de que todo saldr bien!

Module Effect on Sociological Identity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Module Effect on Sociological Identity - Essay Example The study of sociology is critical to my life as it has enhanced my sociological identity. The study of Sociology helped me to identify the link between Psychology and Sociology. The study of Sociology enabled me to realize that human psychology is very delicate, where a slight experience can cause an immeasurable impact on a person’s life. Distortion of family dynamics, personal growth, and group behaviour can occur due to the insensitivity of the human psychology to other people’s feelings. Anthony Giddens, a renowned sociologist, defined sociology as the scientific study of humankind’s social life societies and groups (Comte, 2010). This implies that sociology is a group aspect, and any diversion of a single group member from group norms causes widespread effects on all members. I believe that before the discovery of modern science and sociology, most people thought that spirits and gods were responsible for natural disasters such as earthquakes, thunderstorms, destructive rainfalls, barrenness, and mental illnesses. The discovery of Sociology that deals with family matters, culture, religion, language, and poverty has enabled people to acquire more intelligence and change their viewpoints towards various occurrences of life (Tischler, 2011). It is, therefore, critical for human society to study sociology and understand its connection to the world occurrences if we are to enhance the quality of our lives. The primary reason for studying sociology is that it has an impact on our daily lives. If the study is taken earnestly, valuable models and lessons to improve our lives will be generated (Heywood, 2007). The science is intended to make the future world a desirable place for the generations to come.